WWII+Hitler+Page+ARBE

__**How Hitler Rose to Power**__
 * Early Life:** Adolf Hitler was born in Branau am Inn, a town located in Austria, on April 20th, 1889. He was raised in Linz by his father Alois Schicklgruber (who later adopted the surname Hitler from his step-father); he treated his son badly. Adolf didn't excel in school, which resulted in him dropping out in 1905 without earning a graduate certificate. Later on, he pursued a career as an artist and attempted to admit himself to the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna twice, but failed both times. After his mother's death, Hitler moved to Vienna, where he managed to scrape up a living by painting advertisements, postcards and such. In 1913, he went to Munich to avoid the draft; he was conscripted in February of 1914 despite that and was turned away after he was deemed unfit to serve in the Austrian army. In the beginning of World War I, however, he enlisted in the the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry. He was a runner and was eventually promoted as a corporal. He was awarded with several medals and remained in the army until April 1920.


 * The End of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles:** The Treaty of Versailles marked the end of the Great War. Germany surrendered on November 18th, 1918, and signed the important document on June 28th that following year. A hefty reparations bill awaited them at the end of the war. In addition to that, many regions Germany had occupied during the war were returned to other countries. Something called the "war guilt clause" blamed Germany for causing the international conflict; the number of men in their army dropped to 10,000, their navy diminished, and the defeated nation had reparations for the damages from the war, a price so large that it was virtually impossible for them to pay. It was not known at the time, but these problems would eventually lead to a second world war because of faults in the treaty.


 * The Rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party:** Recovery wasn't within reach for the Germans; they couldn't get back on their feet, and they were still suffering from the events years before. In August 1920, the German Worker's Party was transformed and the Nazi party was born. Adolf Hitler was soon elected the president of this group in July 1921. His first attempt to seize power was the Munich Beer Hall Putsch, in which he tried to take control of the Bavarian government; it wasn't a success. After getting convicted of treason, he was thrown in jail, where he wrote his book //Mein Kampf// (//My Struggle//). He was released nine months later, and his top priority was to strengthen the party (which was steadily gaining power) he had taken charge of.


 * How Hitler Became Chancellor then Dictator:** In 1932, Adolf ran for president and it was a close race; he lost to Paul von Hindenberg, but the the man who would soon be responsible for the deaths of millions would be appointed one year later, following the latter's death. He blatantly went against the treaty by rebuilding his army. He replaced the Brownshirts with the SS, whose responsibility to run concentration camps, where millions of Jews, political enemies, and other "undesirables" were sent to their deaths. By 1935, the Nuremberg Racial Laws would take away their citizenship. Hitler then forged an alliance with Benito Mussolini of Italy in 1936 and annexed Austria a short time later. Germany's invasion of Poland was the catalyst for World War II. Calling himself the //Fuhrer// (Supreme Ruler), Hitler served as Germany's dictator for over a decade, from 1933 to 1945.


 * Additional Points:**


 * Anti-Semetism** is the hostility directed toward Jews. This belief grew in Europe during the 19th century Holocaust, the time in which Nazis tried to get rid of everyone who was Jewish.


 * Blitzkrieg** translates into "lightning war." This was a war tactic used by the Germans; it enabled them to invade neighboring countries quickly.

The **Gestapo** (secret state police) was under the command of Herman Goering and was initiated in 1933. Their job was to run the concentration and extermination camps**.** They also set up smaller agencies in the countries they vanquished.


 * Adolf Eichmann** was an SS official from 1933 to 1944; he committed genocide. In 1961, he was discovered in Argentina and sent to Israel, where he was tried for war crimes and executed.

The purpose of //Schutzstaffel//, or **SS**, was to serve as Hitler's bodyguard. This group was very powerful and their job was to carry out terrible deeds. Like the Gestapo, they were also in charge of camps.


 * Primary Sources:**

//"Adolf Hitler, you are our great Führer. Thy name makes the enemy tremble. Thy Third Reich comes, thy will alone is law upon earth. Let us hear daily thy voice and order us by thy leadership, for we will obey to the end and even with our lives. We praise thee! Heil Hitler!"//

- These words were recited by the children of Hitler Youth. The purpose of this organization was to prepare German boys and girls for war. This "prayer" proves that the Germans revered and worshiped Hitler like a god.

**HITLER STRIKES AGAIN AT VERSAILLES TREATY** His Attack on Poland Aimed at Final Destruction of a Document That Has Been Much Revised Since 1919

//"Chancellor Hitler last week undertook to revise by force the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles to Germany's Eastern boundaries. In launching his attack, he told the Reichstag and the world, 'The Treaty of Versailles for us Germans, and has been for us Germans, not a law.'"//

This article was published in the New York Times on September 3rd, 1939. It was written by John C. De Wilde.


 * Works Cited**

"anti-Semitism." //Daily Life through History//. ABC-CLIO,2011. Web. 14 September 2011 http://dailylife.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1538640?terms=anti-semitism

Axelrod, Alan, and Charles Phillips. "Hitler, Adolf." //Dictators and Tyrants: Absolute Rulers and Would-Be Rulers in World History.// New York: Facts On File, Inc., 1995. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. 12 September 2011 http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=lbio0087&SingleRecord=True

//Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia//. Columbia University Press, 2010. 1. Web. 15 September 2011 http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=b67e3009-cd61-486d-88a6-c7e8fbff5ea6%40sessionmgr115&vid=4&hid=113&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=khh&AN=39031027

Curry, George Michael. "blitzkrieg." In Jeffries, John W., and Gary B. Nash, eds. //Encyclopedia of American History: The Great Depression and World War II, 1929 to 1945//, Revised Edition (Volume VIII). New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2010. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. 14 September 2011 http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAHVIII035&SingleRecord=True

De Wilde, John C. "HITLER STRIKES AGAIN AT VERSAILLES TREATY." //New York Times// 3 Sep 1939. E6. Print. 15 September 2011 http://hn.bigchalk.com/hnweb/hn/do/document?set=topic&subtopicid=87135&rendition=x-article-image&start=76&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B112717034&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-citation%3B112717034

Edelen, Annamarie. "Treaty of Versailles." In Faue, Elizabeth, and Gary B. Nash, eds. //Encyclopedia of American History: The Emergence of Modern America, 1900 to 1928//, Revised Edition (Volume VII). New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2010. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. 12 September 2011 []?ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAHVII279&SingleRecord=True

Gottfried, Ted. //Children of Slaughter//. Lerner Publishing Group, 2001. 23. Print. 14 September 2011 http://web.ebscohost.com/ehos /detail?sid=d31b4eb0-6118-443c-b6a3-e7f2448e15c0%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=110&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=khh&AN=8843540

//Hutchinson's Biography Database//. Helicon Publishing, 2011. 1. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=16&hid=127&sid=b67e3009-cd61-486d-88a6-c7e8fbff5ea6%40sessionmgr115&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=khh&AN=32218259